R. D. Ashmore, Sex stereotypes and implicit personality theory, Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior, 1981.

F. Baeyens, D. Vansteenwegen, D. Hermans, and P. Eelen, Chilled white wine, when all of a sudden the doorbell rings : mere reference and evaluation versus expectancy and preparation in human pavlovian learning, Advances in Psychology Research, vol.4, pp.241-277, 2001.

J. L. Beauvois, La connaissance des utilités sociales. Psychologie française, vol.40, pp.375-388, 1995.

J. L. Beauvois, Judgment norms, social utility, and individualism, A sociocognitive approach to social norms, 2003.

J. L. Beauvois, N. Dubois, and G. Peeters, L'évaluation personnologique, La construction sociale de la personne, 1999.

R. F. Bornstein, Exposure and affect : overview and meta-analysis of research, Psychological Bulletin, vol.106, pp.265-289, 1989.

R. F. Bornstein, Subliminal mere exposure effects, Perception without awareness, 1992.

R. F. Bornstein and P. R. Agostino, The attribution and discounting of perceptual fluency : Preliminary test of a perceptual fluency/attributional model of the mere exposure effect, Social Cognition, vol.12, pp.103-128, 1994.

L. ;. Cambon, R. V. Beauvois, and J. Joule, La désirabilité sociale et l'utilité sociale des professions et des professionnels, Monteil Perspectives cognitives et conduites sociales volume 9 Rennes : Presses Universitaires de Rennes. Désirabilité sociale et utilité sociale, p.23, 2004.

L. Cambon, La fonction évaluative de la personnologie, vers la mise en évidence de deux dimensions de la valeur : la désirabilité sociale et l'utilité sociale, Psychologie française, vol.51, pp.285-305, 2006.

A. N. Christopher and B. R. Schlenker, Materialism and affect : the role of selfpresentational concerns, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, vol.23, pp.260-272, 2004.

M. Conway, M. T. Pizzamiglio, and L. Mount, Status, communality and agency : implications for stereotypes of gender and other groups, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.71, pp.25-38, 1996.

J. De-houwer, S. Thomas, and F. Baeyens, Associative learning of likes and dislikes : a review of 25 years of research on human evaluative conditioning, Psychological Bulletin, vol.127, pp.853-869, 2001.

M. De-montmollin, Les psychopitres, 1972.

L. Devos-comby, D. , and T. , Jugements de responsabilité et registres de connaissance, Perspectives cognitives et conduites sociales, vol.7, 2000.

H. Dittmar and L. Pepper, To have is to be : materialism and person perception in working-class and middle-class british adolescents, Journal of Economic Psychology, vol.15, pp.233-251, 1994.

N. Dubois and J. Beauvois, Désirabilité et utilité : deux composantes de la valeur des personnes dans l'évaluation sociale. Orientation scolaire et professionnelle, vol.30, pp.391-400, 2001.
DOI : 10.4000/osp.5151

URL : http://journals.openedition.org/osp/pdf/5151

N. Dubois and J. Beauvois, Normativeness and individualism, European Journal of Social Psychology, vol.35, pp.123-146, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/ejsp.236

A. Durand-delvigne, Positions hiérarchiques, contextes professionnels et expressions du genre, vol.2, pp.31-48, 1997.

, Désirabilité sociale et utilité sociale 24

A. H. Eagly, Sex differences in social behavior : a social-role interpretation, 1987.

A. H. Eagly and V. J. Steffen, Gender stereotypes stem from the distribution of women and men into social roles, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.46, pp.735-754, 1984.
DOI : 10.1037//0022-3514.46.4.735

S. T. Fiske, Social cognition and social perception, Annual Review of Psychology, vol.44, pp.155-194, 1993.

S. T. Fiske, A. J. Cuddy, P. Glick, and J. Xu, A model of (often mixed) stereotype content : competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.82, pp.878-902, 2002.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878

M. Gallay, Composante évaluative et composante affective dans les processus personnologiques. Document non publié. Laboratoire de psychologie sociale, 1992.

C. Judd, L. James-hawkins, V. Yzerbyt, and Y. Kashima, Fundamental dimensions of social judgment: understanding the relations between judgments of competence and warmth, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.89, pp.899-913, 2005.

T. Kasser and A. Ahuvia, Materialistic values and well-being in business students, European Journal of Social Psychology, vol.32, pp.137-146, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/ejsp.85

M. P. Kim and S. Rosenberg, Comparison of two structural models of implicit personality theory, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.38, pp.375-389, 1980.

E. Le-barbanchon and I. Milhabet, L'optimisme: réponse désirable et/ou socialement utile?, vol.3, pp.153-181, 2005.

J. Leyens, V. Yzerbyt, and G. Et-schadron, Stereotypes and social cognition. London, Sage. Désirabilité sociale et utilité sociale 25, 1994.

F. Lorenzi-cioldi and D. Et-joye, Représentations sociales de catégories socioprofessionnelles : aspects méthodologiques, Bulletin de psychologie, vol.40, pp.377-390, 1988.

F. Lorenzi-cioldi, Professions au masculin et au féminin : un moyen terme entre le masculin et le féminin ? Revue internationale de psychologie sociale, vol.2, pp.135-152, 1997.

J. L. Monahan, S. T. Murphy, and R. B. Zajonc, Subliminal mere exposure: specific, general and diffuse effects, Psychological Science, vol.11, pp.462-466, 2000.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-9280.00289

C. E. Osgood, Studies on the generality of affective meaning systems, American Psychologist, vol.17, pp.10-28, 1962.

C. E. Osgood, G. J. Suci, and P. H. Et-tannenbaum, The Measurement of Meaning, 1957.

P. Pansu and J. L. Beauvois, Juger de la valeur sociale des personnes: les pratiques sociales d'évaluation. In P. Pansu, C. Louche La psychologie appliquée à l'analyse des problèmes sociaux, 2004.

G. Peeters, Good and Evil as softwares of the brain : on psychological « immediates » underlying the metaphysical « ultimates ». A contribution from cognitive social psychology and semantic differential research. Ultimate reality and meaning. Interdisciplinary Studies in the Philosophy of Understanding, vol.9, pp.210-231, 1986.

G. Peeters, Evaluative Meanings of Adjectives In vitro and In Context: Some Theoretical Implications and Practical Consequences of Positive-Negative Asymmetry and Behavioral-Adaptative Concepts of Evaluation, Psychologica Belgica, vol.32, pp.211-231, 1992.

G. Peeters, La construction sociale de la personne. PUG, Grenoble. Désirabilité sociale et utilité sociale 26, 1999.

G. Peeters, From good and bad to can and must : subjective necessity of acts associated with positively and negatively valued stimuli, European Journal of Social Psychology, vol.32, pp.125-136, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/ejsp.70

S. Rosenberg and A. Sedlak, Structural representations of Implicit Personality Theory, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, vol.6, pp.235-297, 1972.

G. Saucier, What is more replicable than the big five? Broader factors found in English-language personality adjectives, 2004.

G. Saucier and L. R. Goldberg, Lexical studies of indigenous personality factors: premises, products, and prospects, Journal of Personality, vol.69, pp.847-879, 2001.

E. R. Smith, Mental representation and memory, The handbook of Social Psychology, pp.391-445, 1998.

C. K. Staat and A. W. Staat, Meaning established by classical conditioning, Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol.54, pp.74-80, 1957.

A. Tesser and L. Martin, Social Psychology. Handbook of basic Principles, 1996.

B. Testé and K. Simon, Valeur affective et utilité sociale des traits dans les stéréotypes de genre, le soi féminin et le soi masculin, vol.3, pp.81-94, 2005.

R. Vonk, Individual Differences and Common Dimensions in Implicit Personality theory, British Journal of Social Psychology, vol.32, pp.209-226, 1993.

G. M. White, Conceptual universals in interpersonal language, American Anthropologist, vol.82, pp.759-781, 1980.

, Désirabilité sociale et utilité sociale 27

J. S. Wiggins, Agency and communion as conceptual coordinates for the understanding and measurement of interpersonal behavior, 1991.

. Cicchetti, Thinking clearly about psychology, vol.2

B. Wojciszke, Morality and competence in person and self-perception, European Review of Social Psychology, vol.16, 2005.

B. Wojciszke, R. Bazinska, and M. Et-jaworski, On the dominance of moral categories in impression formation, Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin, vol.24, pp.1251-1263, 1998.

R. B. Zajonc, Attitudinal effects of mere exposure, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Monograph, vol.9, pp.1-27, 1968.

1. Traits and . Cpf-2#f,